Importance of Output Variables of Learning

Importance of Output Variables of Learning

1.    Difficulty of the Task: Difficult tasks take more time to learn. Sometimes it discourages the learners.

2.    Similarity of the Task: Task which have some similar elements are learnt better, more quickly and effectively.

3.    Meaningfulness of the Task: The more meaningful the material, the more rapid and easier is the learning. Meaningless material is difficult to be learnt.

4.    Length of the Task: The longer the task the more difficult it is to be learnt.

5.    Pleasantness and Un-pleasantness of the Task: Generally pleasant tasks learn easily than unpleasant tasks.

6.    Methods of Teaching: Dynamic and democratic methods of teaching give better results than the authoritarian or autocratic methods.

7.    Guidance: Guided learning is always better than unguided learning. Guidance saves time and energy of the learner, eliminates wastage and stagnation.

8.    Time Table: Well framed time-table is essential to promote learning efficiency. Time-table should be flexible.

 

Three Variables of Teaching

1.    Input Variables: it includes the entry level of learner’s capabilities, potential and skills. It is also includes the teacher’s status of knowledge of the subject matter, communication skills and his personality. The material facilities available in the instructional environment are the constituents of the input variables of teaching. It involves entering behaviour of the teacher.

 

2.    Process Variables: it refers to all the components of the teaching-learning process. It comprises of content, instruction and media. The content variables include the sequence and organisation of components of the subject matter. Content is imparted to the students through an instructional programme involving various techniques such as lectures, discussions and questioning in expository or enquiry modes.

 

3.    Output Variables: It include description of the terminal behaviour. The educational outcomes cover not only the cognitive components but also the affective and psychomotor aspects.

 

Functions of Variables of Teaching

Functions of Input Variables: Input variables are the pre-requisites of the instructional process. Their functions are as follows:

§  Determination of entry behaviour of Students,

§  Identification of learning deficiencies,

§  Identification of teacher competencies and

§  Locating instructional facilities.

Before a teacher begins to teach, it is essential that he determines the previous knowledge of the learners and investigates the learning deficiencies of the learners. The teacher’s competencies such as his capacities depth knowledge of the subject, experience to deal with content and with students at various levels and his skill of communication are important input variables. The instructional facilities required for teaching process are located, such as the overhead projector, slides, charts, board, etc.