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Nature and Scope of Educational Psychology

 Nature of educational psychology:

I. Educational psychology is an applied branch of psychology. It applies various principles of psychology and tries to study the behavior and experiences of the children.

II. It also suggests ways- means for the modification of children’s behavior.

III. It is concerned with the problems of the school and plans for a sound education of the child.

IV. It is the study of children’s behavior as it is influenced by various factors of the school.

V. It employs a scientific approach to the problems in the school and tries to solve them

VI. It acquaints the teacher with the classroom situations and equips him to solve the various problems in the best possible manner.

Definitions:

1. Crow and Crow,” Educational psychology describes and explains the learning experiences of an individual from birth through old age”.

2. Charles E. Skinner,” Educational psychology is that branch of psychology deals with teaching and learning.’’

3. Stephen,” Educational psychology is the systematic study of the educational growth and development of the child.”

 

                      SCOPE OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY:

By scope of study we mean an area, contents or elements that constitute a subject of our study. Every well-defined subject has its distinct area of study of its own and its learner at the beginning is supposed to have clear concept of it. Then only one may be conscious of its need that motivates for study.

Educational psychology as a promising subject has its scope of study to which our direction may be directed. Following are the scopes:

1.        Learner’s behavior: It has the subject matter knitted around the learner. With this section of its subject matter, it acquaints us with the need of knowing the learner’s behavior such as his abilities, needs, aptitudes, developmental characteristics of heredity and environment, interests and other potentialities of the learner.

 2. The learning experience:

Educational psychology helps in deciding what learning experience are desirable at what stage of the growth and development of the learner. It facilitates the selection of the desirable learning experiences for the learner.

3. The learning process:

After knowing the learner and deciding what learning experiences are to be provided, the next problem is  what should be the nature of learning and how it should take place. It deals with the topic such as, laws, principles and theories of learning, factors responsible for learning, methods and conditions for effective teaching and learning, etc.

4. The learning situation:

It has a subject matter to deal about the conditions of classroom, group behavior, various aids to facilitate learning, various techniques of evaluation, guidance and counseling services, educational technology and other facilities of learning that helps in the smooth functioning of the teaching learning process.

5. The teacher:

The teacher is the potent force in any scheme of teaching and learning. It studies teacher’s mental health, physical condition, emotional attitudes, adjustment, personality traits, capabilities, professional efficiency, skills of teaching and dealing with the learners.

6. Evaluation of student’s achievement: It helps in analyzing the prevalent examination system and brings its defect into light. It helps in constructing scientific educational test. In order to measure the intelligence, attitude, aptitude and interests etc. test of different types are constructed.

7. Study of unconscious mind: it has been observed that many of the abnormal and undesirable behavior and activities and deeply rooted in the unconscious mind and its elements. To study the nature and causes of their complexity and to normalize the situation covers an interesting area of its study.

8. Statistics in education: Human behavior being a variable is measured. Such measurements are interpreted and tabulated with the help of statistical technique. This application of statistics to educational measurement has become an important branch of educational psychology.


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